It is interesting to note that the growth of the PDX tumours derived from patient HJG152 which expressed low levels of TOPK was not markedly affected by acetylshikonin (Figures S5A and 6e,f), whereas statistically significant inhibition of tumour volume and weight in the HJG175 PDX (medium TOPK expression) and in HJG41 PDX (high levels of TOPK expression) by acetylshikonin was observed. This evidence concerns the gene PBK and neoplasm.