It has been described that long duration of AF is associated with high–hs-CRP levels and large–left atrial dimensions, supporting a link between the burden of AF, inflammation, and structural remodeling.52IL-6 physiologically stimulates the synthesis of several acute-phase reaction proteins, such as CRP, so that one would also expect increased IL-6 levels in long-standing AF. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is atrial fibrillation.