TNF and neoplasm: Despite DCLK1 expression showing moderate correlation with Th1-specific transcription factors (T-bet and STAT4), which are known to support Th1 cell cytokine secretion to restrict cancers [74,75,76,77,78], DCLK1 showed little correlation with direct tumor-inhibiting factors such as IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL12 in COAD and STAD (Table 1) [79,80].