MIF and neoplasm: Additionally, the functional variants of MIF are associated with overexpression of MIF that participates in tumor growth promoting angiogenesis and metastasis;10, 26 moreover, MIF can induce secretion of bFGF, VEGF, and IL‐8 when activates the MAPK, PI3K signaling pathways, which lead to the increased secretion of these proangiogenic factors that are necessary for blood vessel formation.