Although more recent trials, such as ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes)14 and ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation),15 included the use of analogue insulins, the study designs preclude inferences about the cardiovascular safety of specific agents to lower glucose levels and direct comparison of the cardiovascular effects of human and analogue insulins.12,15,16,17,18. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.