These findings all together show that the use of melatonin due to its aromatase-modulating activity, as well as its reducing effects on hepatic gluconeogenesis, ameliorating the pro-inflammatory state present in PCOS, improvement of glucose uptake by peripheral tissues, and the subsequent reduction in insulin levels, may be effective in the management of PCOS patients (Table II). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.