Mendelian randomization has been used to assess the association of PNPLA3 I148M with ischemic heart disease (IHD), and although the risk of IHD increases with increased hepatic fat content, for which PNPLA3 I148M is a risk factor, there was no association with IHD (OR per M allele = 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.02, p = 0.79) (Lauridsen et al., 2018). Here, PNPLA3 is linked to myocardial ischemia.