EDN1 and endothelial dysfunction: There was greater levels of oxidative stress (higher levels of ox-LDL and lower activities of antioxidant capacity), inflammation and coagulation biomarkers, as well as endothelial dysfunction (higher levels of endothelin-1 and E-selectin, and lower levels of concentration of serum eNOS protein), and neuroendocrine disturbance in the placebo group compared to the fish oil supplement group [56].