In early breast cancer patients with DCIS or invasive disease, we aimed to investigate whether immunohistochemistry determined stromal fibroblast expression of procoagulants (TF, thrombin, PAR1, and PAR2) are related to breast cancer phenotype, clinicopathological predictors of outcome, systemic markers of hypercoagulability and survival. The gene discussed is TF; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.