PPARG and type 2 diabetes mellitus: TZD can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and invasion through the activation of PPARγ.29 Some studies have revealed that TZD use may decrease the risk of HCC in T2DM.30, 31 However, another study provided contrasting results.32 A meta‐analysis disclosed that TZD does not decrease the risk of HCC,33 which is consistent with our result.