Interestingly, TLR4 inhibitors have shown beneficial effects on endotoxemia-associated dysfunction of other organs, including acute kidney injury in LPS-injected sheep36 and suppression of LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice37, suggesting that TLR4 inhibition may be an effective treatment for other complications of endotoxemia in addition to skeletal muscle wasting. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and kidney injury.