Across all samples, recurrent oncogenic alterations involved key tumour suppressor genes in ccRCC, including VHL (36/50, 72%) and chromatin remodelling genes SETD2 (20/50, 40%), PBRM1 (17/50, 34%) and BAP1 (13/50, 26%). Here, VHL is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.