TNFRSF1B and cancer: TNFR2 expression defines a highly immunosuppressive T-regs found in tumor microenvironment promoting cancer cell survival and tumor growth.38 Similar to our R2D2 cells, TNFR2 activation stimulates the proliferation of TNFR2+ T-regs.39 Antagonistic antibodies against human TNFR2 inhibited TNFR2+ T-regs proliferation.39 The underlying molecular mechanism of TNFR2 signaling induced cell proliferation is unknown.