According to the theory proposed by Teng et al, a tumor is classified into four groups based on the TIL density and programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, including adaptive immune resistance, immunological ignorance, tolerance, and intrinsic induction.8 Although this classification could provide guidance for immunotherapy, some misadvises would also arise as only PD-L1 but no other immunosuppressive checkpoints were included in the theory. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.