In the piriform lobe, the HMGB1-positive area in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy exceeded that in dogs with structural epilepsy by 88% (F (3, 36) = 2.09, p = 0.1204, Structural vs. Idiopathic p < 0.05, see Fig. 2o). This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and structural epilepsy.