ICAM1 and diabetes mellitus: ICAM-1 expression was also markedly increased in the DM group when compared to that in the NG group (ICAM-1: 0.84 ± 0.15 versus 0.34 ± 0.14, P < 0.05), and ICAM-1 protein expression was also significantly lower in the LTF and CaD groups compared to the DM group (0.61 ± 0.28 versus 0.84 ± 0.15 and 0.60 ± 0.15 versus 0.84 ± 0.15, respectively, P < 0.05 for LTF group and CaD group), but no significant difference existed between LTF and CaD groups (P > 0.05).