While initial studies have shown an increased expression of CN-1 in biopsies of patients with DN [11, 30], we more recently demonstrated that CN-1 concentrations in 24 h urine samples are increased in patients with T2DM and macroalbuminuria and that this correlates with urinary albumin excretion and renal function [31]. Here, CNDP1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.