To confirm the effect of rhIL-27 on the signal transduction through STAT1 and STAT3 molecules, we analyzed the expression of STAT1- and STAT3-induced genes CXCL10 and SOCS3, respectively, in the PBMCs of T1D patients (n = 16) and healthy donors (n = 9) upon rhIL-27 stimulation. Here, SOCS3 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.