Thereafter, NAFL progressed to NASH in mice after 8-week PEWD feeding, characterized with advanced steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration (Fig. 1b), and elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Il-6, Tnf-α, and Tgf-β in liver (Fig. 1c). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.