Stable knockdown of the cytokine as well as the exposure to the TGFBRI kinase inhibitor SD-208 leads to a down-regulation of cell surface LLT1 on glioma cells making them more susceptible to NK cell-mediated lysis; these observations indicate a key role for TGF-β in immunoevasive mechanisms in glioblastoma [62]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to central nervous system cancer.