One of the most interesting genes in the latter category is ATP13A2 (OMIM 610513), which was initially implicated in Kufor–Rakeb syndrome (KRS, OMIM 606693), characterized by early onset parkinsonism, pyramidal tract degeneration, dementia, and cognitive dysfunction (Ramirez et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene ATP13A2 and Kufor-Rakeb syndrome.