SPRY4 and breast carcinoma: For example, lncRNA CCAT1 which is notably upregulated in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and contributes to the stemness of BCSCs [51]; lncRNA SPRY4-IT1 increases TCF7L2 expression by targeting miR-6882-3p, thereby promoting breast cancer cell proliferation and stemness as well as BCSC renewal and maintenance [52]; and lncRNA LOXL1-AS1 facilitates the stemness of gastric carcinoma through regulating the miR-708-5p/USF1 axis [53].