NPPB and Left atrial enlargement: Several large prospective epidemiological investigations suggested that other markers of left atrial dysfunction such as elevated N-terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT pro-BNP) (Folsom et al. 2013), p-wave terminal force in lead V1 (PTFV1) of a 12-lead electrocardiogram (Lattanzi et al. 2017) and left atrial enlargement (Yaghi et al. 2015) are associated with cardioembolic stroke.