High levels of Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression, caused by chronic hypoxia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), were associated with a higher clinicopathological stage and histological grade in BC and described as independent prognostic variables for overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free survival. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.