Studies on male and female ER α whole-body knockout mice reported that the absence of ER α causes a near doubling of adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia with smaller LDL particles, and glucose intolerance in both sexes, which suggests that estrogens play a protective role against these phenomenon [77,78]. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is Glucose intolerance.