In a meta-analysis that included 13 cohort and case-control studies, totaling 4257 CVD patients and 26,710 non-CVD controls, high leptin levels were not independently associated with CAD in women (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.86–1.23) and men (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.95–1.26) or with stroke in women (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 0.87–1.47) and men (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.59–1.09) [113]. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and coronary artery disorder.