We could consistently detect an upper-shifted band of RXRα in GSK-3β dose-dependent manner in various HCC cell lines and HEK293T cells (Fig. 3A and Fig. S3A), which could be specifically erased by calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIP) (Fig. 3B) and inhibited by GSK-3β inhibitors, LiCl, SB415286 and BIO (Fig. 3C and D), indicating that GSK-3β could induce RXRα phosphorylation. Here, RXRA is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.