EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The abovementioned findings resulted in the incorporation of new treatment options in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC (such as osimertinib) [34, 35] and BRAF-mutant NSCLC [36, 37] and melanoma (such as the dabrafenib and trametinib combination) [38], which have led to a significant improvement in survival in these patient populations and ultimately changed the standard of care.