However, glucose and lipids, but not proteins, differently and effectively activated leukocyte TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression regardless of obesity, sex, or sex hormones, suggesting a lesser effect of protein intake on postprandial inflammation, and that the mechanisms regulating this compensatory response appear to occur at the posttranscriptional level. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.