Similar to patients with CYP24A1 mutations, an azole antifungal agent (ketoconazole or fluconazole) may be used to inhibit 1α-hydroxylase, thereby reducing the high calcium levels predisposing to nephrocalcinosis through reduction in levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [26]. The gene discussed is CYP24A1; the disease is nephrocalcinosis.