Furthermore, the miRNA contained in CAF-derived exosomes, which is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, has been demonstrated to enable the conversion of normal HSCs, hepatic stellate cells, into CAFs, by directly targeting the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), with a consequent secretion of different growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and growth factor-beta (TGF-β) [35]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.