BIRC3 and gallbladder cancer: Birc3 encodes cIAP2, which is an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase that is a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP) family, and increases cIAP2 expression that can lead to evasion of caspase-mediated apoptosis in different cancers including gastric and gallbladder cancers and glioblastoma (Wang et al. 2016, Jiang et al. 2017, Gowda Saralamma et al. 2018).