We analysed another expression microarray data set of a glioma xenograft that was treated with bevacizumab.24 The bevacizumab-treated set showed an upregulation in the expression of GM-CSF, and genes in hypoxia, NF-κB and myeloid cell maturation signalling pathways (Supplementary Fig. S6b), indicating that similar signalling also occurs in other tumour types. Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.