ATG16L1 and Crohn disease: A coding polymorphism of human Atg16L1 (rs2241880; T300A) increases the risk of Crohn’s disease; the T300A mutation (corresponding to T316A in mouse Atg16L1γ, hereafter referred to as T300A, Fig. 2a) in the WD region of Atg16L1 decreases the autophagic clearance of intracellular pathogens such as Shigella21,22, but not Salmonella. Hence, we compared PcLV formation between Atg16L1 KO MEFs complemented with Atg16L1 WT or T300A where Atg14L had been knocked down to suppress canonical autophagy.