To confirm whether this activity was specific to the Trp1 TCR or driven by therapeutic modality, we analyzed the activity of Trp1 cells in the context of host lymphodepletion combined with αCTLA-4 treatment or in response to a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing tumor cell based vaccine (GVAX) combined with αCTLA-4, which also induces effective Trp1 cell activation and IFN-γ secretion in vivo (Simpson et al., 2013). Here, CSF2 is linked to neoplasm.