INS and diabetes mellitus: The results revealed that patients treated with single-agent DM treatment with insulin (AHR of 0.383, P = 0.001), metformin (AHR of 0.456, P<0.001), gliclazide (AHR of 0.264, P<0.001), glimepiride (AHR of 0.257, P<0.001), or repaglinide (AHR of 0.544, P = 0.019) had lower AHRs than those in the control group.