Histories of hypertension (86.2%), hyperlipidemia (75.4%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (22.3%), peripheral vascular disease (15.5%) and cerebrovascular disease (14.7%) were fairly prevalent, and 81.2% of patients were treated with metformin and 22.2% with insulin at baseline. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.