NPM1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: AML patients had a significantly higher incidence of CEMPA (17.2% vs 5.4%, p = 0.0043), FLT3-ITD (16.3% vs 0.0%, p = 0.000), DNMT3A (13.5% vs 5.4%, p = 0.030962), NPM1 11.1% vs 1.1%, p = 0.002752), IDH1/IDH2 (1.5% vs 1.1%, p = 0.000628) gene mutation and significantly lower incidence of TET2 (48.3% vs 77.4% p = 0.000001) and U2AF1 (2.5% vs 19.4%, p = 0.000) gene mutations (Table 5) compared with MDS patients.