TERT promoter mutations were firstly described in sporadic and familial melanoma (Horn et al., 2013; Huang et al., 2013), and since then they were reported in several cancers, such as central nervous system (43–51%), hepatocellular carcinoma (59%), thyroid (follicular cell-derived tumors) (10%), and notably in bladder cancer (59–80%) (Killela et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2013a; Liu et al., 2013b; Nault et al., 2013; Vinagre et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2014). The gene discussed is TERT; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.