CD40 and Opportunistic infection: Given that TRAF6 is critical for dendritic cell maturation and development (96, 97), CD40-mediated IL-12 production by dendritic cells (98) and induction of antimicrobial effector mechanisms in macrophages (99, 100), pharmacologic inhibition of CD40-TRAF2,3 signaling would minimize the risk of opportunistic infections by leaving CD40-TRAF6 signaling intact.