It has been shown that GDNF, a potent growth factor for the ENS, is impaired not only in DD (Böttner et al., 2013), but also in asymptomatic diverticulosis suggesting that a deficient GDNF system may trigger the enteric nerve cell decrease in DD (Barrenschee et al., 2017). The gene discussed is GDNF; the disease is dentin dysplasia.