It has been reported that genetic ablation of TGFß-1 in renal epithelial cells of Pkd1 mutant mice had no effect of cyst development or on SMAD2/374 implicating ALK4 signalling as the primary driver of TGFβ mediated pathology in ADPKD. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.