The recovery of immune cell functions in the blocking experiments performed with MAbs or pharmacological inhibitors of PD-L1, TGF-β, FasL, and NF-κB activation indicates that these proteins participate in MTEX-induced suppression of T cell or NK cell functions (SFig. 8) as also reported for TEX produced by tumor cell lines22,27,28,39,40. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.