TPH1 and neoplasm: In particular, for A549/ADR cancer cells, TPH/PTX exhibited much lower IC 50 values (35.25, 16.41, and 9.66 μM) than Taxol (70.48, 61.52, and 58.53 μM) and TP/PTX nanomicelles (47.39, 42.87, and 32.38 μM) at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h (Table 2), which might be attributed to the efficient internalization of nanomicelles with HA serving as the active targeting ligand that specifically binds CD44 receptors overexpressed in many tumor cells [26] and mitochondrial target.