HSF1 and cancer: Specifically, BTF3 was confirmed aberrantly in various cancer tissues such as gastric cancer tissues [47, 48], prostate cancer tissues [49], colorectal cancer tissues[50] and pancreatic cancer cells [51]; RPS16 was found dysregulated in disc degeneration, which is one of the main causes of low back pain [52]; HSF1 influenced the expression of heat shock proteins as well as other activities like the induction of tumor suppressor genes, signal transduction pathway, and glucose metabolism.