This review proposes (1) to identify the studies showing biomarker level modifications (serum PCSK9, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B) in “uremic milieu” and (2) to depict current evidence of the association between these biomarkers and the development of cardiovascular events (stroke, heart failure, coronary pathology, and cardiovascular mortality) and (3) proposes new therapeutic approaches to reduce cardiovascular risk in CKD or ESRD patients. This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and chronic kidney disease.