CACNA1C and schizophrenia: Previous studies have suggested that the total loss of forebrain Cacna1c impacts on associative learning processes,42–44 although this is not consistent across studies.45,46 However, the genetic variants in Cacna1c associated with schizophrenia and related disorders do not produce a total loss of the gene, but instead likely influence the expression.9–11 In this study, we investigate the responses of Cacna1c hemizygous rats after delay, trace, and unpaired contextual fear conditioning in order to determine the role of dosage of Cav1.2 on associative fear memory.