Although literature on TGF-β polymorphisms in KD patients is scant, polymorphisms in components of the TGF-β/SMAD signalling pathway greatly influence susceptibility to KD 13–16, TGF-β signalling pathway components like TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 are directly involved in aortic aneurysm progression and coronary artery aneurysm formation 41. This evidence concerns the gene TGFBR1 and aortic aneurysm.