TNF and infection: Rickettsia” infections had increased levels of fractalkine, alpha interferon (IFN-α_, IFN-γ, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-12, and IL-13, whereas R. sibirica infections showed elevated levels of fractalkine, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, IL-6, IP-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) compared to the control group (Table S4).