These data indicate that 7-OD was able to modulate Mtb-specific cell proliferation and a Th1 type cytokine profile during HIV-TB co-infection, by increasing the levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α, without suppressing the necessary action of IL-10 and IL-17A, which would mediate an optimal resistance to the mycobacteria [24]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is tuberculosis.